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Jude Althagafi — Wed, 09 Jun 2021 14:52:07 +0000

The Covid-19 pandemic has illustrated the importance of international trade for access to all kinds of medical supplies, with many countries suffering from shortages of essential medical goods as a result of various government-imposed trade barriers. The negative impact of these new restrictions is now the subject of high-level political attention. Both within the policy response to Covid-19 and more broadly, the substantial adverse impacts of government-imposed import tariffs on global access to medicines and medical goods is still largely unaddressed.

Due to their effects on production and prices, import tariffs on pharmaceuticals and medical goods are inimical to affordable access to medicines and medical products. Because of their amplifying effect throughout the supply chain, import tariffs significantly inflate the wholesale and final bodog casino prices of pharmaceuticals (up to 80% of the ex-factory sales price, according to one recent analysis) and active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) (ECIPE, 2017), as well as inputs to vaccines and materials supporting their distribution (OECD, 2021). Import tariffs on a wide range of medical supplies, medical equipment and personal protective products also inflate their domestic prices, thereby worsening affordability and access.

Price inflation, however, is not the only damaging impact on patients. High tariffs also reduce supply – in the case of medicines, reduced exports and imports translate into fewer choices and less availability at the pharmacy counter or hospital.

The following policy brief provides an overview of current tariff policy for medical goods; shows economic estimates of the effects of tariffs on supply in different countries; and recommends the inclusion of tariff elimination for medicines, APIs and a broad spectrum of medical goods in ongoing discussions regarding trade and health.

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To read the full report from the Geneva Network, please click here.

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Ryan Murphy — Tue, 08 Jun 2021 17:49:55 +0000

Containing rapidly growing health care costs in the Latin American and the Caribbean region, especially amid the COVID-19 pandemic, requires an in-depth analysis of prices from a novel perspective. This paper documents hitherto understudied variations in prices paid for pharmaceuticals, equipment, and medical supplies within countries and markets. It also identifies effective procurement strategies for lowering prices within existing regulatory frameworks. The analysis uses public procurement data gathered by governments’ electronic procurement systems in nine countries and territories across the region. The data are uniquely detailed and complete, encompassing the minute detail of purchasing decisions and processes made across all regulated public entities in the study countries and territories. Traditional regression analysis and machine learning (random forests) methods are used to explain prices as a function of procurement decisions and outputs, bodog sportsbook review such as the number of bidders. Based on in-depth discussions with policy makers, the paper also devises realistic policy interventions, which in turn can be used to estimate savings scenarios. First, the findings show that the prices paid vary greatly across and within countries. The latter is surprising given that the regulatory and institutional framework is largely fixed within each country. Second, a high proportion of within-country and -market variation can be explained by standard features of procurement policy implementation, such as the length of advertising tenders. Third, the explanatory models point to the potential for lowering prices across the region by about 14 percent by implementing low-level, yet impactful changes to how purchasing is done.

Lowering-Prices-of-Pharmaceuticals-Medical-Supplies-and-Equipment-Insights-from-Big-Data-for-Better-Procurement-Strategies-in-Latin-America

To read the full report from The World Bank Group, please click here.

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Emma Donahue — Mon, 11 May 2020 19:01:06 +0000

As the Chinese government faces scrutiny for its early and ongoing roles in the COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic, some lawmakers and Trump administration officials have sought bodog casino to address safety and security concerns with U.S. imports of Chinese pharmaceutical products and active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs).

For example, Sen. Marco Rubio (R-FL) teamed up with Sens. Elizabeth Warren (D-MA), Chris Murphy (D-CT), Tim Kaine (D-VA), and Kevin Cramer (R-ND) on a bill that would ensure strict Department of Veterans Affairs “Buy American” rules that were recently rejected by a U.S. court are put back into place. Sen. Tom Cotton (R-AR) and Rep. Mike Gallagher (R-WI) have a bill to “[p]rohibit pharmaceutical purchases from China or products with active pharmaceutical ingredients created in China” over the next two years. The requirements would even apply to APIs only available in China after 2024. The Trump administration, for its part, under the influence of White House trade adviser Peter Navarro, wants “to tighten ‘Buy American’ laws so federal agencies are required to purchase American-made pharmaceuticals and medical equipment.”

Unfortunately, all of these ideas risk upending a supply chain that plays a critical role in America’bodog casino s world-leading biopharmaceutical innovation. This innovation not only ensures that Americans enjoy access to treatments and cures for countless diseases, but also supports thousands of jobs across the country and efficient and effective free trade with allies around the globe.

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To view the original report, click here.

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